论体育侵权中受害人自甘冒险规则的完善

On the Refinement of the Regulation about the Victim's Voluntary Risk-taking in Sport Torts

DOI：10.12064/ssr.20210307

英文关键词:voluntary risk-taking sport torts rule for exempting responsibility victim's consent

基金项目:

作者	单位
江可歆	福州大学法学院,福建福州 353100 。

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中文摘要:

2020年5月28日，《中华人民共和国民法典》公布，其中侵权责任编第1176条明确规定了自甘冒险规则，对解决体育侵权领域矛盾具有重要的现实意义。但是，该规则在运用于司法实践中，可能会因为规定过于简略而存在适用性问题：未正确与受害人同意进行区分；作为免责规则未严格限制适用条件，未规定减轻责任事由，以及对于组织者安全保障义务限度未作出明确规定。为此，提出应该单独规定受害人同意规则，针对自甘冒险规则做更加具体的规定，进一步明确体育活动组织者的责任。

英文摘要:

The Civil Code of the People's Republic of China was enacted on May 28, 2020. The rule of taking risks at one's own will was clearly stipulated in Article 1176 of the Tort Liability Code. It has great practical significance for solving the conflicts in sports infringement. However, in the application of this rule in judicial practice, there may be applicability problems due to its brief provisions. For instance, it does not correctly distinguish voluntary risk-taking and risk-taking under the consent of the victim; As an exemption regulation, it does not strictly restrict the applicable conditions; It does not stipulate the factors for mitigating responsibility; It does not make clear provisions about the organizer's safety guarantee obligation. Therefore, it is suggested that the consent principle of the victim should be stipulated separately, and more specific provisions should be made for voluntary risk-taking regulations. The responsibility of the sports organizers should be further clarified.

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