兴奋剂《禁用清单》“从旧兼从轻”原则评析

Research on Principle of Lex Mitior of Prohibited List

DOI：10.12064/ssr.2022030203

英文关键词:International Standard for the List of Prohibited Substances and Methods lex mitior strict liability interpreting method

基金项目:国家社会科学基金项目(20CTY010)

作者	单位
唐锃	苏州大学王健法学院,江苏苏州 215006

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中文摘要:

2021年实施版《世界反兴奋剂条例》第27.6条首次明确《禁用清单国际标准》(《禁用清单》)“从旧兼从轻”原则，该条文类似于法条竞合中的特殊规定。《禁用清单》“从旧兼从轻”原则的成文化兼顾反兴奋剂理论的发展与实践经验的积累，不仅能有效缓和严格责任原则的严厉程度，还能强化裁决先例的指引作用。基于该原则的本质要求，若缺乏禁用物质代谢周期的科学知识，就应合理调整反兴奋剂组织与运动员之间的证明责任；为排除原则适用的模糊性，应对其时间要件进行目的性扩大解释；此外，禁用物质地位与处罚条件的有利变更，也应当包含于原则的对象范围内。

英文摘要:

The principle of lex mitior of Prohibited List is first introduced to the 2021 World Anti-doping Code in Article 27.6, which is substantially similar to the special provisions in overlap of articles. The codification of the principle of lex mitio of Prohibited List is for reasons of the development of anti-doping theory and huge accumulation of practical experience. It can both mitigate the severity of the Strict Liability principle, and strengthen the guiding role of sports arbitration and verdict. Based on the principle of lex mitio, if there is a lack of scientific knowledge on the excretion cycle of prohibited substances, the burden of proof between anti-doping organizations and athletes should be reasonably adjusted. In order to eliminate the ambiguity of the application of the principle, the interpretation of its time elements should be expanded purposefully; In addition, favorable changes in the status of banned substances and the conditions of punishment should also be included in the scope of the object of the principle.

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