功能动作测试在中学生基本运动能力评价中的应用

Application of Functional Movement Screen Test to the Evaluation of Middle School Students’ Basic Exercise Ability

DOI：

英文关键词:middle school student functional movement screen test (FMS) flexibility stability

基金项目:国家体育总局科研项目(2012B032)

作者	单位
徐欣	上海体育学院运动科学学院
卢洋	上海体育学院运动科学学院
高亚强	上海体育学院运动科学学院
仲昭金	上海体育学院运动科学学院
姚卫	上海体育学院运动科学学院
魏安奎	上海体育学院运动科学学院

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中文摘要:

目的：采用功能性动作测试系统（Functional Movement Screen,FMS）评价青少年在完成不同功能动作模式时身体各部分的稳定性、对称性和灵活性，研究其基本运动能力及影响因素。方法：以上海市某中学中随机挑选的100名初中生为研究对象，对他们进行7个特定动作的测试并评分，并对测试结果进行统计分析。结果：FMS测试总分满分为21，受试对象FMS总分均分为14.89，总体水平偏低；女生肩关节灵活性和直腿抬高测试得分显著高于男生，但总分上男女生无显著差异；青少年在完成动作时普遍存在身体晃动、力量不足和两侧肌力不对称现象，髋、膝、踝关节灵活性受限且稳定性较差，脊柱的屈伸能力不足，两侧盂肱关节和髋关节的活动能力不对称。在旋转稳定性、跨栏架和直线弓箭步３个测试中这些不足尤为明显。结论：青少年基本运动能力水平较低，大多数人需要进行矫正训练；男女生总体上的表现差异不显著，但女生在肩部灵活性和直腿抬高测试的表现要优于男生，故男生需加强肩部和髋部关节的灵活性锻炼。

英文摘要:

Objective: The Functional Movement Screen System (FMS) was adopted to evaluate the stability, symmetry and flexibility of the different body parts of the juveniles in completing different functional movement modes and study their basic exercise ability and affecting factors. Method: 100 middle school students were selected randomly as the subjects. They were tested and evaluated for 7 specific movements. The test results were analyzed. Result: The total points of FMS test is 21 and the average FMS points of the subjects is 14.89. The overall level is low. The points of the girls’ shoulder joint flexibility and straight leg raise are higher than those of the boys. But there is no significant difference between the test points of the boys and girls. There exist the problems of body shaking, insufficient strength and asymmetry of the muscle strength of both sides in completing the movements. The flexibility of hip, knee and ankle joints is limited and the joints show poor stability. The flex ability of the spine is insufficient. Asymmetric function ability of the brachial and hip joints can be observed. In the tests of the rotational stability, hurdle clearance and linear lunge stride, the insufficiency is obvious. Conclusion: The basic exercise ability of the juveniles is low and most of them need correction training. Generally there is no distinct difference in the performance of the boys and girls. But the shoulder flexibility and straight leg raise of the girls are better than those of the boys. So the boys need to have more flexibility exercise for shoulder and hip joints.

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