职业体育联赛竞争性平衡的衡量指标

Indicators of Competition Balance of the Professional Sports League

投稿时间：2008-08-20

DOI：

英文关键词:sport professional league competition balance indicator

基金项目:国家哲学社会科学基金资助项目（07BTY009）。

作者	单位
杨扬	上海体育学院体育赛事研究中心
张林
黄海燕

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中文摘要:

通过综述国外职业体育联赛竞争性平衡的基本理论，探讨了职业联赛竞争性平衡的概念和必要性，介绍了胜利率标准差、基尼系数、HHI指数、C5率、集中率和惊喜指数等国外常用的衡量职业体育联赛竞争性平衡的指标及其计算方法，并在此基础上进一步分析各种衡量指标的优点及局限性，结果认为：目前还不存在某一个万能的衡量竞争性平衡的指标，只能针对不同的体育项目或研究目的选取合适的衡量方法。

英文摘要:

By summing up the basic theories of competition balance of the foreign professional sports leagues, the article discusses the concept and necessity of the competition balance of the professional leagues. It introduces the Standard Deviation of Winning Percentages, Gini Coefficient, Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, the Five-Club Concentration Ratio, the Concentration Ratio and the Surprise Index, which are the indicators and computational methods often used in measuring the competition balance of the professional leagues in foreign countries. It analyzes advantages and limitations of the different indicators. It concludes that there is no universal indicator for measuring competition balance. Appropriate measuring methods should be selected according to different sports or different research purposes.

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